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Attacks | Namek Abilities | Saiyan Transformations

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Attacks

Kamehameha
This is the most famous, widely-used attack on Dragon Ball. This technique is an energy wave, which is mustered when the fighter places his hands together at the wrists, and chants the syllables. The Kamehameha is a powerful battering ram of continuous energy, which can be diverted by the fighter's arm gestures. Developed by Master Roshi, the Kamehameha is learned by Goku, Gohan, Krillin, and Goten.
Destructo Disk (Kienzan)
The Destructo Disk is a flat energy construction generated atop an open palm. Unlike most energy attacks, the Destructo Disk actually has a jagged edge, allowing it to cut through just about anything. This ki buzz saw is Krillin's signature move, but is also used by Juuhachigou (Eighteen).
Special Beam Cannon (Makankosappo)
Piccolo's signature attack. The Special Beam cannon is generated when Piccolo touches his fore and middle finger to his forehead. He then points outward, creating a beam of yellow energy accompanied by a spiraling beam that makes the entire attack look something like a drill. Piccolo first used this attack against Radditz, and he managed to kill both Radditz and Goku with it.
Solar Flare (Taioken)
This tactic was developed by Tien, and usually serves as a diversion. The fighter spreads his fingers near his eyes, and creates a blinding energy pulse that attacks everyone save the person firing it.
Tri Beam (Kikoho)
Tien's most powerful assault technique. He places his hands before his face, his fingers forming a triangle. He used this attack against Nappa and Cell Level 2. This attack is very powerful, however, it draws upon the life energy of the user. When Tien used this technique against Nappa, it killed him.
Kaioken
The Kaioken was taught to Goku by King Kai, and it is a method of temporarily compounding one's fighting power. Goku used this technique continuously against Vegeta and Frieza, allowing him to ascend to their relative power levels. Kaioken doubles the fighting strength, and Goku went as far as to use Kaioken X 20 against Frieza, multiplying his ki by a factor of 20.
Spirit Bomb (Genki-Dama)
An energy sphere created by drawing from the life energy of all living things in the area. Goku learned this technique from King Kai, and used it continuously as a last-resort attack against numerous foes. He mustered a Spirit Bomb from all life on Earth to use against Vegeta, and one drawing from all life in the Namek solar system when facing Frieza. Goku is the only one who actually collects the energy, but anyone pure-hearted can actually fire or redirect the attack.
Gallic Gun (Garlic Gun)
This is Vegeta's signature attack for the Saiyan Saga. This is another flowing wave of energy, and looks very similar to the Kamehameha.
Masenko
Gohan's signature attack, developed during his one-year training with Piccolo in the Saiyan Saga. Gohan places his hands forward, palms open and slightly overlapping, and a ki sphere generates right in front of his palm. I've also seen the Masenko fired as a continuous wave (like the Kamehameha). Piccolo has also used this attack once or twice, but Gohan uses it far less as he grows older, favoring the Kamehameha.
Burning Attack
Future Trunks' favored attack. This ki strike is recognized by the swift hand-movements Trunks performs before touching his hands together, palms out, touching at the index fingers and thumbs. This is the attack he distracted Frieza with before slicing and dicing him.
Big Bang
This is Vegeta's finishing move, developed during the preparation years before the appearance of the Androids. Vegeta holds his hand out, palm facing the enemy, fingers close together, thumb folded into palm. A huge, concussive energy wave generates, obliterating the enemy. Vegeta used this to destroy Android Nineteen, and again to distract Perfect Cell.
Insta-Transmission (Shunken-Ido)
A teleportation technique taught to Goku by the Yardratseijin during his travels post-Frieza en route to Earth. Goku places to fingers to his forehead, focusing his mind on a specific ki (i.e., the ki of Gohan). Then he (and anyone he is touching at the time) vanishes, reappearing where the person whose ki he targetted happens ot be. Goku and Perfect Cell use this technique (although King Kai claims he knows it as well). Goku was able to teleport as far as New Namek, and can even teleport from Earth to King Kai's planet.
Makosen
Piccolo's streaming energy attack. Apparently, it's less of a precision attack than the Special Beam Cannon, and more of an overpowering ki wave similar to the Kamehameha. Piccolo uses this against Juuanagou (Seventeen).
Scattershot
Piccolo's technique, used against Juuanagou. Piccolo fires several dozen smaller ki blasts, that remain hanging in the air around his opponent. He then commands all the spheres to gather around the enemy, exploding all at once.
Final Flash
Highly dangerous, very powerful ki wave developed by Vegeta while he and Trunks trained in the Room of Spirit and Time. Vegeta places his hands together, focusing energy through them to create a broad-band attack. He used this attack against Perfect Cell, pulverizing his abdomen.

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Namek Abilities

Regeneration
All Nameks have the ability to regrow lost limbs. So long as the head is intact, a Namek can in fact re-grow his entire body. Regenerating takes a lot of strain and concentration, but the new limb sprouts out almost instantly.
Namek Fusion
Nameks have the ability to fuse... uniting two (or more) beings into one body. Whenever this is done, one body must be selected as the "host", so to speak. That is the body hte fused being will take, and that consciousness will be the dominant one. The "host" places his hand upon the chest of the other Namek, and the other Namek instigates the fusion. It is my understanding that the fusion is permament, linking the two forever. Whenever two Nameks fuse, their power becomes even greater than the sum of the two as individuals, and while one consciousness is dominant, the latent one does affect the personality a great deal. Piccolo underwent two Fusions: one with Nail in the Frieza Saga, and again with Kami in the Cell Saga. However, the Kami/Piccolo fusion is slightly different, since the two were one being to begin with.

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Saiyan Transformations

Oozaru
All Saiyans with tails have the ability to transform into Oozaru (were-monkeys) when exposed to the light of the full moon. The Saiyans eventually developed ki-spheres that mimick the full moon, allowing them to go Oozaru at will. In Oozaru form, a Saiyan has ten times his natural strength, and grows to King-Kong proportions. The level of control an Oozaru can manifest depends upon the training and experience of that person: when Goku went Oozaru as a young boy in Dragon Ball, he ran amok and nearly killed his friends. When Vegeta went Oozaru in the Saiyan Saga, he was able to speak, and maintained all memories. Most often, the way to defeat an Oozaru involves cutting off his tail... but tails are known to regenerate suddenly (especially in young Saiyans).
Super Saiyan
Very, very few Saiyans are able to attain this level of power (although coincidentally, nearly all Saiyans or even half-Saiyans on DBZ can do it). This is the power of legends, as the last Super Saiyan before modern times lived thousands of years ago. The Super Saiyan transformation is at first triggered when a Saiyan of superior strength and ability faces great emotional trauma or epiphany, but once achieved a Super Saiyan can undergo the transformation at will. Their hair turns gold and stands straight, their eyes become pupiless turquoise, and their auras burn golden. Goku is the first to go Super Saiyan, after witnessing Frieza kill Krillin.
Ascended Super Saiyan
This might as well be an entirely separate level of Super Saiyan, as the power increases dramatically from the first level. This form is a bit bulkier than Level One, but still manages to be supremely fast. Vegeta is the first to demonstrate this level of power, when he faces Cell Level 2 after training in the Room of Spirit and Time.
Ascended Super Saiyan 2
I made up the name for this level. This is a higher form of Ascended Saiyan, which Trunks utilizes against Perfect Cell after his father's defeat. This level much bulkier than Ascended Level One, and as a consequence, while he is immensely stronger than before, he is slower. Due to the lack of speed, this form was quickly rejected as faulty.
Super Saiyan 2
This form is much stronger than any of the Ascended levels, and much quicker as well. Physically, SS2 looks a great deal like SS1: sleek, blond hair, burning aura... only this time, there are flashes of electricity in the aura. Like SS1, this transformation is also brought on by emotional trauma. Gohan is the first to go SS2, after witnessing Cell destroy Android Sixteen, but is eventually achieved by Vegeta and Goku as well.
Super Saiyan 3
This level is easily distinguishable from the other forms... for now, instead of merely standing up, the blonde hair grows to just about ankle length, and stands out in thick locks. Also, the brow slopes, like a caveman's. Goku first learned to reach this level in the afterlife, and is wary that his living body may not be able to handle the transformation. He first uses SS3 in combat against Fat Buu, and his performance suggests this level is greatly more powerful than SS2. Goku and Gotenks are the only ones to go SS3.